Process Examples

 Plating

• Acid copper 
• Chrome 
• Electroless copper 
• Electroless nickel
• Lead-tin solder 
• Nickel 
• Nickel-iron 
• Zinc

 Anodizing

• Sulfuric Acid
• Chromic Acid
• Phosphoric Acid

 Cleaning & Etching

• Alkaline
• Acidic
• Peroxide
• EDTA

 Other

• Electrolytic color
• Nickel acetate seal
• DI seal

Analyte Examples

 Cations

• Cu²⁺
• Ni²⁺
• Na⁺
• Zn²⁺
• Al³⁺
• Cr⁶⁺
• Pb²⁺
• Sn²⁺

 Anions

• Cl^-
• SO₄^2-
• NO₃^-
• PO₄^3-
• F^-
• Hypophosphite ion

 Other

• pH
• Acidity
• Alkalinity
• H₂O₂
• EDTA

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